The realm of dog behavior and training is filled with a
perplexing mix of facts and misconceptions, often leaving dog owners bewildered
and unsure of what to believe. One such common fallacy is the idea that dogs
need to "get the energy out." While this phrase is frequently uttered
at dog parks and play areas, its validity and meaning are questionable.
The belief that dogs harbor an ever-increasing, mysterious
force within them, that must be released, is fueled by anecdotal evidence. For
example, an energetic dog may seem "pent up" after being kenneled all
day, leading many to conclude that their canine companion needs to expel excess
energy. Consequently, well-intentioned owners may let their dogs loose to run
and play, hoping to tire them out. Unfortunately, this approach can backfire,
resulting in a destroyed yard, damaged furniture, or complaints from neighbors
dealing with a stressed, barking dog.
In reality, the high energy levels we witness in these
situations are often a manifestation of a dog's emotional and mental state. The
dog may be experiencing transitional stress, with a sudden change in
environment causing a flurry of emotions, thoughts, and impulses. To ensure our
dogs' well-being, it is crucial to look beyond popular misconceptions and seek
a deeper understanding of their behavior and needs.
The notion that dogs need to release pent-up energy is often
misguided. In reality, when a dog's environment or routine changes, they may
experience transitional stress. This stress response can manifest through
increased cortisol levels, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rates.
These physiological changes result from the transition itself—such as an owner
returning home—and not from being confined in a kennel.
To better understand this concept, consider an experiment in
which a dog is left unkenneled during an owner's absence. In many cases, the
dog's behavior upon the owner's return remains unchanged, or worse, the dog may
exhibit destructive tendencies in the home. This observation highlights that
the root of the issue is not a lack of physical exercise or confinement but
rather a need for clear physical and mental boundaries to help manage the dog's
energy and reactions to changes in their environment.
Ultimately, the key to addressing high-energy behavior in
dogs lies not in trying to "get the energy out" but in fostering an
environment that encourages emotional regulation, clear communication, and
structured routines. By establishing appropriate boundaries and addressing the
underlying stressors, owners can help their dogs develop a more balanced,
composed demeanor.
Excessive neural stimulation, or arousal, is often the cause
of excitement in dogs, particularly in young, adolescent canines. These dogs
have yet to develop the neural inhibitors required to control their impulses
effectively, leading to difficulties in managing their thoughts and emotions.
Adding to this challenge is the underdeveloped prefrontal
cortex in dogs, which is responsible for executive decision-making. This
essential brain region will not reach full development until the dog is around
three years old, leaving their ability to self-regulate and exercise
self-control limited during their formative years.
In the United States, there is a prevailing trend of
overstimulating dogs, often through an abundance of toys, treats, and excessive
choices. However, providing too many choices can be detrimental to a dog's
well-being, as they seek clarity and guidance rather than an array of options.
To effectively manage a dog's energy, employing structured
routines and clear commands is crucial. By using a leash, giving a directive,
and consistently reinforcing that directive, owners can reduce a dog's overall
stress levels and improve their ability to focus. Ultimately, this approach
fosters a stronger bond between dog and owner, paving the way for more
successful skills training and a more balanced canine companion.
